October 24, 1929, is considered the start point of the Great Depression, which was initiated after the stock exchange collapse. The main factors of this occasion are the overproduction of goods, speculation in the securities market, increased lending, lack of proper government regulation, and problems with the reorientation of military...
The factor for the American involvement in World War I was the submarine war, declared by the German Empire. Buenviaje notes that after the German scuppered several American ships in early 1917, on April 6, 2017, the United States Congress announced the beginning of hostilities. However, an equally significant factor...
From 1960 to 1961, the whole country was engulfed in massive “sit-down demonstrations,” the participants of which demanded an end to racial segregation in the service sector. Two main reasons for the massive spread of sit-in protests can be identified. First, most establishments at the time only allowed white-skinned people...
In the second post-war decade, there were further shifts in the settlement, social-class structure, and position of the United States’ black population, whose origins date back to the war years. A broader scale and faster pace characterized the mass migrations of African-Americans in the context of industrial growth and the...
Colonialism has a long history, the prerequisites for which arose already in the Great Geographical Discoveries era. The first attempts to colonize new territories include the French Crusades in North Africa. The subsequent exploration and appropriation of territories proceeded exceptionally quickly. The rapid rise of colonial empires continued during the...
After World War 1, many countries were under severe economic instability and political unsteadiness as well. Munich became politically unstable after the war, and, thus, it needed leadership that would steer them back on course. The people were eager to have leadership that would bring change and reforms to them....
Stalin as a USSR leader, was a major campaigner of socialist idealism. Stalin, as a leader, recommended that the people uphold the Marxist and Leninist ideologies. Advocacy for a communist way of life had been a major campaign during this period. Stalin’s ways of leadership, ideologies of governance, and his...
The Barbary Coast Mural depiction of San Franciscoâs Chinatown is an attempt to show the life of the Chinese in San Francisco in the raw, but it reflects a bit more positive picture than it really was. Chinatown was covered with a veil of prostitution and opium dens, and that...
The Black Cat cafĂŠ which was at first a place for vaudevilles, over time became the iconic representation of the LGBT community. It basically put on the map the gay public of San Francisco. The Black Cat cafĂŠ broke the barriers and embraced the fight for the civil rights of...
The section of the mural portraying the impending strike, shows the growing common dissatisfaction developing into a confrontation between the longshoremen and the shipping companies on the West Coast. The mural reflects heavy working conditions in addition to the antilabor environment of that time and represents the workersâ collective mood....
Even though the independence processes in Spanish and Portuguese Latin America had many similar points, the mother countries were different, which caused a range of distinctions. The first discrepancy deals with the way independence were granted. The leaders of the countries had different relations with the population. Agustin de Iturbide...
Latin America consists mainly of Portuguese and Spanish people. As they are united within one region of the U.S., their history has much in common. The process of their independence also has similar points. The first similarity deals with the trigger of the independence process. The movements began due to...
The Spanish-American War of 1898 was essentially the first war waged by the US since the Civil War. The war was precipitated by the destruction of a US battleship that had been stationed in Havana to protect American interests in the country, owing to widespread unrest. While the causes of...
The progressivism philosophy essentially states that scientific discoveries and economic developments are advances that can help improve human life. Progressivism supported using the available technology to bring about positive changes and increase the government’s role in the social and economic lives of Americans. The greatest advocates of the movement were...
The political, economic, and social conditions of blacks in the US were better off in the immediate years after the Civil War, but they deteriorated later. In spite of the protection afforded to the African American population by the Thirteenth Amendment to the US Constitution, the White population in the...
Two philosophies that gained prominence in post-Civil War America were Social Darwinism and Nativism. These two played a crucial role in the rise of big business. Social Darwinism, which was based on Charles Darwin’s evolution theory, proposed that only the fittest businesses in the US would survive. The philosophy supported...
The US witnessed a huge influx of immigrants during the last half of the 19th century. The United States Immigration and Naturalization Service estimates that in excess of 16.8 million immigrants arrived in the US between 1850 and 1900. The vast majority of these immigrants came to the US in...
The new industrial age that came after the Civil War led to tremendous economic growth in the US. A large number of Americans went to supply the unskilled labor needed in industries. The abundance of unskilled workers gave the factory owners an advantage as they could overwork them while paying...
In the decades following the Civil War, the US enjoyed a period of immense industrial growth. The railroad system expanded rapidly from the Northern to the Midwestern parts of the country. Less than a decade after the end of the Civil War, the country had doubled its railroad mileage. The...
As the US government engaged in Western expansion in the 19th century, it came across the Native Americans who had historically occupied these lands. Various Federal policies were implemented to remove the native population or assimilate these people into white America. The policies had some notable impacts on Native American...
The reconstruction was the period between 1865 â 1877 when the US government attempted to rebuild the South, which had suffered devastating losses due to the civil war, and ensured that the former slave population gained equal rights with the white population. A major aim of the reconstruction efforts was...
By the time Abraham Lincoln became President in 1861, he had harbored anti-slavery sentiments. In spite of these anti-slavery views, he did not wish to destroy the slavery institution in the country. In his Inaugural Speech, he publicly declared that he did not intend to interfere with this institution in...
Ho Chi Mihn was named Nguyen Sihn Cuong when he was born. However, he acquired many other names later in life, such as Nguyen Ai Quoc, Bac Ho, Bac, and Nguyen Tat Thanh. He received his education from one of the most prestigious schools at the time, although he did...
An extensive discussion of the bias and subjectivity of existing sources, along with the difficulty of trusting primary sources, allows concluding that the political image of the Ptolemaic empress has many nuances and elements which may not have fully corresponded to reality. As a rule, a person’s reputation is built...
It is pertinent to note that public culture tends to substitute the image of historical figures in favor of the characteristic of trends for the specific era. It is difficult to overestimate the importance of a work of art in establishing a particular reputation. Through films, paintings, and literary descriptions,...
The study of historical figures itself involves serious risks since it is usually based on the research of significant personalities and phenomena described in a series of subjective sources. Risks and distortions are especially relevant in the case of crucial historical people who stood at the center of military and...
The factors that led to the founding of Massachusetts Bay were basically the increasing tension in England. The factors for the Chesapeake Bay include block expansion of the French towards their settlements. The factors that led to the founding of Massachusetts Bay were basically the increasing tension in England. The...
The government has too frequently employed violent tactics to silence social movements based on specific conditions of intervention. Inadvertently, some of this violence, such as the mass violence motivated by centuries of racial harassment by state agents and private citizens against people of color, led to the development of social...
The majority of racist movements follow and closely resemble the standard depiction of social movements. These racist social movements are broadly categorized into four distinct branches based on their development and respective ideologies: the Ku Klux Klan, the Christian Identity and neo-Pagan racists, Racist Skinheads, and neo-Nazis. Despite having far-reaching...
There are three most important point to consider, which include: Europe on the eve of expansion, early English foundations in America, and lastly, shaping the American identity. In this case, Europe on the eve of expansion should be considered because it sheds light to the learner on what contributed to...
Despite the fact that New England and Chesapeake were both settlement areas of the English people, they grew to be two different societies by the period around 1700. In this case, this distinctiveness occurred as a result of developments in economic, social, and religious ideas. As far as the immigrants...
Understanding the causes and consequences of the Civil War is essential to understanding contemporary political events, as this war marked a bitter division in both government and broader society. The southern states, which favored secession from the Union and created the Confederation, hoped to preserve the slavery system. This system...
Hitler firmly believed that Jews were the main reason for global economic downfalls due to their increased influence of the capital. In addition, Hitler hated Jews due to the notion that Jews undermined strong national traditions of German people and their way of life. Explanation: The partyâs hostile attitude towards...
The Second Great Awakening was a Protestant fervor movement that started in about 1790 and lasted almost until 1840. For many people, its main highlight was the psychological transformation of one’s religious identity, some kind of rebirth. Explanation: The Second Great Awakening was a period of evangelical revival and fervor...
The Golden Age was a period of significant growth in Ancient Greece. During this period, great achievements were accomplished in the spheres of philosophy, culture, architecture, politics, and others. The Golden Age of Greece laid the foundation for further development of European civilization. Explanation: This period was significant for both...
After the discovery of North and South America, the trade of goods between Africa, Europe, and America became known as the triangular trade route. Guns and gunpowder from Europe were exchanged for slaves from the West African coast, who were taken to American colonies. Sugar, cotton, rum, tobacco, and coffee...
The fall of the Roman Empire in the West was a continuous process that started because of a set of political, economic, and social reasons resulting in the gradual decline of the stateâs power and its disappearance from the map. Traditionally, historians consider the weakening of the army as one...
Both Julius Caesar and Augustus Caesar (Octavian) were prominent rulers of Rome, leaving behind many achievements as well as causing some problems during their reign. The main similarity between the two was that they were both highly popular with the people. Particularly, Freeman notes that Caesar frequently employed âthe cause...
Roman Empire has always been considered an exemplary military state that managed to conquer the biggest part of the known civilized world and spread its influence on many distant areas controlling them by its forces. However, at the very first stages of its evolution, Rome was a small town that...
Ancient Greeks had a unique culture that praised leisure and emphasized the importance of free time and activities associated with it. The peculiarities of culture and mentality provided them with multiple options for self-development; nevertheless, there was a particular differentiation of society, meaning that representatives of various classes had different...
Although most people believe that the Middle Ages was a dark period in the history of humanity, there exist reasons to believe that the situation was not as dark as it was often painted. During this period, a number of significant achievements in the cultural area were registered, including the...
Westward expansion was born out of the desire by the US to expand its territory further hence the concept; Manifest Destiny. American government believed that it was entitled to exercise its powers all over the world. In order to do this, it needed to have more states, thereby necessitating the...
The Iran-Contra affair covered the selling of arsenal to Iran and the funding given to Nicaraguan Contra militants, a move by the US government to free its citizens held hostage by the Hezbollah forces. The support for the rebels in Nicaragua was banned by the Boland amendment. The militants received...
The SDI (Strategic Defense Initiative) was a USSR-US arms control policy that regulated the production and use of nuclear weapons between the two countries. The strategy employed here had several stringent conditions that put hard constraints in the implementation. There had to be the confidence limit measures which were to...
When America won the Revolutionary War they faced similar problems with the Indians that the British, French and Dutch colonists had also experienced in their dealings. They had to create a policy that would allow them to deal with the Indians as well as protect their national interests. Four possible...
The âColombian Exchangeâ was the biological and cultural consequences of the European immigration to America. While the exchange started with the first settlers and explorers that visited North America the main effects began when Columbus brought his ships containing livestock, plants and settlers to the new world. This exchange changed both...
The different European powers started their original dealings with the Indians in various ways. The French used diplomacy which allowed them to build a large empire even if it did not have much of a population. The Spanish did not learn the importance of diplomacy until after the Pueblo War of Independence...
The timeline of humans living in North America is the subject of much debate among archeologists, historians and Indian traditions. While there is evidence that can be used to create a timeline there are outliers in the data which increase the length of time possible for humans to have been in...
The Cold War should have had mixed aftermath on Third World conflict. It will have major ramifications for theorists and practitioners of international relations. The longstanding controversy in international relations theory on the connection between polarity and stability has remained unsettled. If the end of the Cold War is jeopardized,...
China has a long history of historical development and a complex Cultural Revolution. This is an integral part of Chinese thinking and affects how people think, act and respond in a given situation. These factors, along with the economic reforms and the enterprise reforms, play an important role in understanding...
China is a historically complex country, with roots that are deep in the cultural and the social fabric, very tightly controlling the political and economic scenario since the turn of the century. Modern China is an outcome of the process which has its roots in history which has stimulated the...
Stalin was not considered as Leninâs successor; his revolutionary zeal helped him to take control over the party and to become its most powerful person. After the death of Lenin in 1924, the party had been divided into two parts: Left and Right. Arguing with the Left part, Stalin expelled...
The Civil War is a turning point in American history because many changes and reforms were introduced after the war, and the ground was set for the battle for equal rights for all citizens of the country. American society of the times before war was, however, far from recognizing equal...
A supreme emergency is used to justify the measures in dealing with the imminent danger that violates one of the main elements of warfare, known as non-combatant immunity or non-targeting civilians. Some British leaders could think that they faced supreme emergency during the Second World War when they had to...
In my opinion, there was a real possibility for the intervention of Russia to become a turning point in the establishment of dominance over Korea by Japan. In other words, had Russia offered its help in the form of military force, it would be possible to imagine a more favorable...
We often live in the present and try to make the most of what is yet to come (future). However, history is a study of the past. Many people would often wonder, why study something that has already happened? In the context of our analysis, history has often been preoccupied...
The Arab world played a significant role in shaping the development of the Western world in the medieval era. In particular, during the Middle Ages, the Arab World provided the foundation that facilitated the growth and development of western civilizations. According to Pirenne, the notable ways through which the Muslim...
My chosen turning point in US history is the Civil War. This was basically a war of the American states organized into Confederate States of America against the United States of America. The 11 Southern states departed from the United States of America union to preserve the slavery industry. The...
The economic argument supporting the slave trade was that the sudden abolition of slavery would have negative impacts on the American economy since slave labor was a major factor of production. For instance, the proponents of slavery were worried that the cotton economy would go under, rice production would cease...
The industrial revolution is the term that is referred to the period of significant changes in manufacturing and economic relations. Traditionally, the industrial revolution is defined as the period between 1820 and 1870. In this period, the following discoveries were made: the steam engine and the cotton gin were invented,...
It could be hardly doubted that the Soviet Union was an immensely influential political power in the 20th century. However, the continuous decay of the Soviet Union resulted in the emergence of a new country, the Russian Federation. The newly emerged country would have numerous similarities with its predecessor. However,...
This question might appear to be controversial since people from Muslim countries are usually portrayed as enemies of the Western world due to terrorist attacks related to Islamic ideology in recent decades. However, it is of high importance to investigate this question in an unbiased manner because Muslims have contributed...
The Industrial Revolution, which spanned between 1750 and 1850, was characterized by a significant economic expansion that started in Britain before being adopted in other parts of the world. The Industrial Revolution contributed to economic growth in various ways. In particular, the shift from agricultural production to manufacturing triggered unprecedented...
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was an association of at least 15 republics forming a socialist state that existed from 1922 until 1991. The Russian Federation, which is a replacement of the socialist nation, is regarded as the Russian Administration. The Russian Federation and the Soviet Republic display...
The main way World War II hindered the freedom struggle was the shift of government focus from internal national affairs towards external conflicts. Both military and political representatives were concerned with the problems of this global battle, which led to the stagnation of the African American civil rights movement. In...
Martin Luther King Jr. was a highly influential persona in the African American civil rights movement, where millions of Black people were unjustly prosecuted for trying to acquire racial equality. He was an expert at delivering the message of non-violent struggle due to his powerful speeches and resilience in fighting...
Between 1050-1450, the relation of church and state that was actually applied in western Europe from about the eleventh century to the Reformation, the supreme function of life on earth was preparation for life in the next world. Society was a unit, the Civitas Dei, a divine state dominated by...
The rising of the United States Empire started in the 18th and 19th centuries taking the westward expansion of the coast colonies and armed campaigns against the original North Americans. Following the extension of its grip to the Northern lands in the later years of the nineteenth century; the US...
The term labor movement is used to refer to a group or an association of working people, campaigning in their own interest for improved treatment from their respective employers, particularly through the execution of definite laws that surround labor affairs. The labor unions or trade unions are joint organizations in...
Native American’s culture and perception of life issues have gone through many changes since the onset of European contact. On an environmental perspective, Native Americans of the Colorado region have attitudes and values that define their perspective on environmental issues like forests, water, agriculture, mining and pollution, settlement among others....
The work âEvent, Metaphor, Memory: Chauri Chaura, 1922-1992â by Shahid Amin unveils the history behind the Chauri Chaura incident and its impact on Indian nationalism. But Chauri Chaura incident is interpreted by different historians in different forms. Some historians argue that the incident must be considered as the outburst of...
Northwest Territories, which currently is the Alberta, is formally the ordinance for United States governmental territory in the Northwest of the river Ohio. It is also known as freedom ordinance, which was an act of the congress of the confederation of the United States. The ordinance was passed in 1987...
Ethnic cleansing in Bosnia is a typical example of Huntingtonâs fault line conflicts that occur between groups from different civilizations within a state especially between Muslims and Non-Muslims as was the case in Bosnia. In the case of Nazi Germany, the ethnic cleansing of Jews by the Nazis was driven more out...
The Hutu versus Tutsi massacres were based on tribal differences between the minority Tutsi âupper classâ and the majority Hutus âlower classâ in Rwanda. Tutsi aristocratic domination during the colonial period ended in 1962 with the independence of Rwanda and the installation of a Hutu majority government that promptly began...
The history of the United States has its own milestone dates and periods of special significance. The period of time that followed the World War II (1945 – 1963) played the crucial role in the recovery of the depressive US economy and formulated the principles of the countryâs foreign policy...
There can be no doubts as to the fact that, after the end of Cold War, the Americaâs military power played a crucial role in shaping up worldâs socio-political realities. In fact, after the collapse of Soviet Union, majority of political observers had rightly predicted that that absence of counter-balancing...
Before the Revolution, the majority of colonies supported religious institutions with public money and discriminated in voting in elections and holding office against Jews, Catholics, and Dissenting Protestants. On the eve of independence, Baptists who refused to pay taxes for supporting local ministers of congregations were being jailed. Nevertheless, religious...
The industrial revolution had a significant impact on the position of the American woman, allowing her to participate more actively in the social and political life of the country. Despite the predominant preservation of the domestic nature of women’s lives, they gradually became more independent. Women were ready to do...
As information has already been conceived as a vital source of knowledge, Gutenbergâs discovery of the printing press indeed was the spark that flamed the information revolution continuing to this very day. Born between 1394 and 1399, Johann (or Johannes in some sources) Gensfleisch zum Gutenberg was a goldsmith in...
After World War 2, American society experienced both demographic and cultural shifts. There was an economic boom, which allowed for more spending for working-class families. There was also a tremendous population increase of over 17 million in the 1950’s decade. This led to the urban sprawl or the moving of...
The 2010s in urban America have been marked by the depopulation of the cities and the shrinking of the metropolitan areas. The concerning trend co-occurred with the revival and proliferation of suburban life, mimicking the characteristic division between the city and the country in the 20th century. Apparently, Americansâ movement...
One of the most crucial aspects of modern social life is the idea occupational has evolved into a well-developed system. However, it must be marked that the concept developed in a rather peculiar way, which predetermined its present state. Despite the popular image of occupation, this is far from being...
The first cause of World War II in Asia was Japanâs need for raw materials. Japan is a country that had few raw materials, and it was afraid of its burgeoning economy. Therefore, to get some raw materials, Japan decided to invade Manchuria to acquire some raw materials, and it...
Anti-slavery society was the first organization with the national reach that tried to end slavery and promoted freedom among African Americans through lectures, publications, and speeches. The organization was founded in Philadelphia in 1833 by Theodore Dwight Weld, Arthur Tappan, and Arthurâs brother Lewis. William Lloyd Garrison was the leader...
The French Invasion of Russia represented a turning point in the Napoleonic Wars, which turned out to be dramatic for the French. It occurred in 1812, when the Grande Army, led by Napoleon Bonaparte, invaded Russian territory through the Neman River. Explanation: By 1812, Napoleonâs power was unquestionable on the...
A Roman general was responsible for military activities, such as leading troops into battle and ensuring the expansion of the Roman Republic. A general would remind his soldiers that they were being closely watched, and that their bravery would be rewarded and their cowardice punished. A commander received various benefits...
The starting point of the heyday of American fine art can be considered the middle of the 19th century. Andy Warhol, Georgia O’Keeffe, Edward Hopper, and Jean-Michel Basquiat are universally recognized as the most talented, innovative, and famous American artists. It is thanks to them and many other painters that...
The main difference between northern and southern slave imports was the fact that first southern slaves arrived with Spanish colonists, whereas the northern slaves were primarily imported by British Empire. Later, when northern states were declaring themselves as free states, there was a flow of slaves to the southern states,...
Being implemented by Franklin D. Roosevelt as a package of social and financial projects, the New Deal was successful because it helped the United States to recover after the Great Depression. Moreover, the New Deal has influenced the environment and the social system of the country. Explanation: The set of...
Referring to Adam Smithâs argument on the role of dealers and manufacturers in oppressing the public, it is possible to find analogies with the impact of corporations between 1890 and the New Deal. During the discussed period, the American economy has changed from focusing on agriculture and workshops to developing...
The First World War occurred from 1914 to 1918. It was evident that it was encouraged by several different factors, and each country entered the war for its own specific reasons. The reasons for Americaâs entry into the war are not clearly outlined. However, it was evident that the United...
The world is always driven by ideas that are dominant at the moment. In the majority of epochs, the force had been the leading factor. This approach was reflected in the concept of imperialism which became a topical term in the age of giant empires dominating vast territories and affecting...
The majority of problems that exist in the modern world can be vised as a result of the colonial system that had been used by giant empires for the bigger part of the worldâs history. For instance, Tweets by Teju Cole can be analysed by applying the post-colonial theory. In...
Regardless of radical changes on the geopolitical map and the collapse of giant empires, the modern world can still be viewed as a heritage of the colonial past, with multiple states trying to recover after a long period of ruthless exploitation and find their way. Africa remains one of the...
The year 1641 saw the Irish Catholics revolt in the massacre of the Protestants. This action led to instances of revenge, specifically from the English dictator Oliver Cromwell that was directed at the Irish Catholics. The land belonging to Irish Catholics was largely confiscated, and by the early 1700s, Catholics...
African Nationalism was an expression of the demand for self-determination by Africans who were then colonized. It emerged as a reaction to colonialism, and its purpose was to remove the colonizers from the continent. The colonial domination gave Africans everyday experiences, and due to these shared grievances, a form of...
The English Civil War, examined by Orr was a fight for sovereign power as a combination of positive powers. Among the primary reasons, there was the ability to create and implement laws, taxes, mistral’s position, coinage and ability to declare war with other states or make allies. The Protestant Church...