Communication Expectations of an 18-Month-Old

The first two years of a child’s life are critical for the development of each domain or skill area – cognitive, emotional, and adaptive. A typical 18-month-old toddler is actively developing and practicing language skills; however, since his or her speech apparatus is not yet fully formed, one should not expect a distinct and cohesive speech.

From my observations, I noticed that toddlers babble and repeat sounds and syllables, often “echoing” what is being said by older children or adults. A toddler’s vocabulary is far from extensive: the average number of words that he or she can use correctly is five or more. However, cognitive skills at this age allow a child to form short sentences and expressions. It is normal if only parents and close relatives can understand what a child is trying to communicate since they are familiar with his or her behavior patterns.

Despite a fairly limited vocabulary, 18-month-old toddlers use “yes” and “no” appropriately and have mastered intonations, for instance, making their voice rise at the end of questions: “Daddy go?” Even if they cannot articulate everything they would like to communicate, they understand many phrases and questions when they are spoken to. At this age, toddlers’ social interactions are usually limited to those with their parents and relatives.

As for other children their age, they prefer to play alongside them and not with them. Sometimes 18-month-olds enjoy playing alone for short periods of time. Toddlers become familiar with the concept of ownership and may express anger and reluctance when asked or forced to share. As for emotional development, little children may show fear but react positively to reassurance. They are also capable of consoling a person who is visibly in distress.